DBB1105_BBA 1_Computer Fundamentals
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SET-I
QUES:- 1 :- Illustrate the architecture of a computer system and explain the functions of various units.
ANS: – 1:- A computer system is like the brain of a computer, and it’s made up of several key components, each with its own unique function. Think of it as a team of specialized workers, each doing their part to make the computer run smoothly.
- Central Processing Unit (CPU): The computer’s CPU is its brains. It handles all computations and data processing. It’s like the brain of the computer, making decisions and carrying out instructions from software programs.
- Memory (RAM): Random Access Memory is what RAM stands for. It is the short-term memory of the computer. When you open a program, it gets loaded into RAM, allowing the CPU to access it quickly. RAM is temporary storage, and when the computer is turned off, the data in RAM is lost.
QUES:- 2:- Explain the Volatile and Non-Volatile memory.
ANS:-2:-
Volatile Memory:
Volatile memory is like a digital workspace that operates at lightning speed but forgets everything once the power source is disconnected. It’s essential for temporary data storage and actively used by your computer while it’s running.
- RAM (Random Access Memory): RAM is the most prominent example of volatile memory. Think of it as your computer’s active workspace. When you open applications, files, or web browsers, they are temporarily stored in RAM. This enables the CPU to access and process data rapidly. However, RAM has a critical limitation: it loses all its stored data the moment you shut down or restart your computer. It’s like a clean slate every time you power off.
- Cache Memory: Cache memory is a smaller, ultra-fast form of volatile memory, resembling a tiny desk next to the RAM workspace. It stores frequently used data to accelerate CPU operations. Like RAM, cache memory is volatile, meaning it swiftly discards its contents upon power interruption.
QUES:- 3:- What is the difference between Input and Output Devices?
ANS:- 3:- Input and output devices are two essential components of a computer system, each with a distinct role in facilitating communication between humans and computers. Here’s a simplified explanation of their differences:
Input Devices:
Input devices are like tools that allow you to give commands or provide information to a computer. They take your physical actions or data and convert them into a form that the computer can understand and process. Think of them as the ways you talk to your computer.
- Examples of Input Devices:
- Keyboard: This device enables you to input text, numbers, and commands by pressing keys.
- Mouse: The mouse lets you point, click, and drag to interact with graphical user interfaces and select objects on the screen.
Download Here: DBB1105_BBA 1_Computer Fundamentals
SET-II
QUES: – Briefly explain the software development process.
ANS: – 3:- The software development process is a methodical approach to developing software applications that guarantees they fulfil the fundamental needs in terms of functionality, quality, and usability.. Here’s a brief overview of the key stages in the software development process:
- Requirements Gathering:
- To understand the needs and expectations of stakeholders (such customers or end users), developers collaborate closely with them throughout this first phase of the project.
- Detailed requirements are documented, including features, functionalities, and any constraints.
- Planning:
- Project planning involves defining project scope, setting timelines, and allocating resources.
- To direct the development process, a project plan lists tasks, dependencies, and milestones.
QUES: – 5:- Explain different stages in Software Testing.
ANS:-5:- In order to make sure that the programme satisfies quality requirements and performs as intended, software testing is an essential step in the software development process. The testing process consists of several stages, each with its own objectives and activities. Here are the key stages in software testing:
- Requirements Analysis:
- This initial stage involves examining the software’s requirements to understand what needs to be tested.
- Testers collaborate with stakeholders to clarify any ambiguities or inconsistencies in the requirements.
- The goal is to create a comprehensive test plan that aligns with the project’s objectives.
QUES:-6:- Describe the various Computer Generations.
ANS:-6:- The evolution of computers has been categorized into generations, with each generation representing a significant advancement in technology and capabilities. Here’s an overview of the various computer generations:
- First Generation (1940s-1950s):
- Vacuum tubes were the main electronic components of the enormous first-generation computers.
- They were incredibly slow, bulky, and consumed a lot of power.
- Examples include the ENIAC and UNIVAC machines.
- Programming was done using machine language, making them challenging to operate.
- Second Generation (1950s-1960s):
- Vacuum tubes were swapped out for transistors, which were more compact, dependable, and energy-efficient, in computers of the second generation.
- Magnetic core memory was introduced for data storage.
- Assembly languages and high-level programming languages like Fortran and COBOL were developed.